History and Development of Computer

Computers and electronics have played a very important role in the present society, where it has made its impact in everything from communication to medicine, science and technology. Therefore, if we want to know the history of computer, then we have to watch all its initial developments carefully, then only then we can understand it properly.

Where computers are seen on the basis of a modern invention in which electronics, computing has been used along with electrical devices. At the same time, but if we talk about the first computing device, then surely the answer will be ancient abacus.

Analog computing has been used for thousands of years, on the basis of our computing devices, while the ancient Greeks and Romans used the most popular Antikythera mechanism.

Later devices such as castle clock (1206), slide rule (c. 1624) and Babbage's Difference Engine (1822) are some such examples of these early mechanical analog computers.

After this, in the 19th-century with the advent of electrical power. Development of new electrical and hybrid electro-mechanical devices began, which both digital (Hollerith punch-card machine) and analog (Bush's differential analyzer) were capable of calculating.

Telephone switching came after this, due to which the development of machines started and we know about them on early computers.

In 1885, after the presentation of Edison Effect, it provided a theoretical background for electronic devices. Originally, in the form of vacuum tubes, soon after electronic components came into being, they soon integrated with electric devices, first to revolutionize radio and later television.

These were computers, where the full impact of these electronics is seen. Analog computers that are used to calculate ballistics have become very important for the outcome of World War II, and that is why Colossus and ENIAC, the two earliest electronic digital computers, were developed in the war time itself. .

With the invention of solid-state electronics followed by transistor and then ultimately integrated circuits, computers have now become much smaller, compact, portable and even affordable for the average consumer. Today, "computers" are very close to our living standards, whether they are watches or automobiles. Do you know how old is the history of computers? If you want to know about the history of computers, then you must first know how humans used to calculate large numbers. Small numbers can be easily accounted by using hands, but when it comes to large numbers, then they had a lot of trouble and they created new systems that helped them in this.

Computer type

Computer access

In this process of calculation many systems of numeration are used such as Babylonian system of numeration, Greek system of numeration, Roman system of numeration and Indian system of numeration.

The most and universally considered of these is the Indian system of numeration. It is based on modern decimal system of numeration which is 0 (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9). As we know that computer cannot understand decimal system and hence it uses binary system of numeration for processing.

Now let's discuss some such computing devices which have a major contribution in this direction.

Calculating Machines

It took our ancestors nearly thousands of years to make such mechanical devices that large numbers could be counted.

Abacus

The first calculating device in this series is ABACUS. It was developed by Egyptian and Chinese people. ABACUS means calculating board. It consists of sticks in horizontal positions in which small size pebbles are inserted.

It has many horizontal bars with ten beads in each. Horizontal bars represent units, tens, hundreds, etc.